In this article, I aim to present a theoretical framework for understanding the relationship between schooling and capitalism in the present time from a Post-Marxist perspective. Drawing on Paul Willis's classical Marxist ethnographic study "Learning to Labour: How Working Class Kids Get Working Class Jobs", this study explores how working-class students ultimately reconcile their position as workers, despite their initial resistance to schooling and awareness of capitalist ideology. Willis's work focuses on understanding students' experiences as active agents on a cultural-process level. However, changes in the contemporary capitalist world necessitate a fresh analysis. Therefore, this article engages in a debate on key concepts and methods of analysis from the theories of Hardt, Negri, and Žižek. The first part proposes methods to understand schooling within the new landscape of production modes and time in capitalism, following the idea of the "social factory". This is followed by a discussion on the concepts of penetration, half-rejection, and counter-school culture. By using the notion of "fantasies", it offers a rethinking perspective on the relationship between agents and consciousness. Ultimately, this article aims to offer a critical lens into the sociology of education by reconsidering students' lives within capitalism in the 21st century.

Authors:
Autthapon Prapasanobol, National Taiwan Normal University, Taiwan

About the Presenter(s)
Autthapon Prapasanobol is a doctoral student in Education Studies at National Taiwan Normal University, focusing on critical pedagogy and sociology of education. He is currently researching the relationship between education and capitalism.

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https://www.linkedin.com/in/autthapon-prapasanobol-801320334/

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