This study developed a Chinese version of the Marine Resource Conservation and Sustainability Concept Scale, suitable for high school students aged 16-18, based on the cognitive, socio-emotional, and behavioral learning objectives outlined in the Education for Sustainable Development Goals (ESDG) by UNESCO. The study examined gender differences in marine knowledge and the concepts of resource conservation and sustainability. This scale consists of four parts: the first part contains ten items developed based on cognitive learning objectives related to marine knowledge. The second to fourth parts are four-point Likert scales developed based on mental, socio-emotional, and behavioral learning objectives, with 10, 6, and 5 items. A valid sample of 291 students was collected for this study. Various psychometric indicators, including Cronbach's α, Multitrait-Multimethod Matrix (MTMM), confirmatory factor analysis (CFA), and Item Response Theory (IRT), were used to evaluate the reliability, validity, and difficulty of the items. An independent samples t-test was conducted to examine gender differences in the performance of the marine resource conservation and sustainability concept. The results indicate that the scale for students aged 16-18 has robust psychometric characteristics. Furthermore, female students performed significantly better than male students in the overall score and socio-emotional and behavioral learning objectives. The items developed in this study will help reflect students' understanding of marine knowledge and the concepts of marine resource conservation and sustainability, essential for addressing marine environmental issues in real life.

Authors:
YaYin Liao, National Taipei University of Education, Taiwan
Liang-Ting Tsai, National Taiwan Ocean University, Taiwan
ChengChieh Chang, National Taiwan Ocean University, Taiwan

About the Presenter(s)
Yayin Liao is currently a Ph.D. student in the Department of Science Education at National Taipei University of Education in Taiwan.

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