Working students often face challenges in balancing their responsibilities between workplace and school. When demands become unbalanced, work-school conflict (WSC) arises. This study aims to develop a WSC instrument for graduate students and analyze it using qualitative and quantitative data. A two-phase exploratory sequential mixed methods design was employed. In the qualitative phase, semi-structured interview was implemented online with 19 working students selected through purposive sampling, and results were analyzed using conventional content analysis. The findings informed the development of a 13-item questionnaire addressing three key components: time-based conflict, strain-based conflict, and behavior-based conflict. Content validity was assessed using the content validity index (CVI) from five experts. In the quantitative phase, the questionnaire was refined based on experts’ feedback and tested for reliability with 32 working students. Data were collected from 160 working students for construct validity testing. Results showed that the I-CVI for individuals ranged from .60-1.00, the S-CVI/UA was .62, and S-CVI/AVE was .86, and all indicated acceptable validity. Cronbach's alpha values for internal consistency were .89 for time-based conflict, .89 for strain-based conflict, and .86 for behavior-based conflict, respectively. The measurement model presented acceptable construct validity: Chi-square (1, N = 160) = 1.83, p =.17, RMSEA = .07, SRMR = .02, CFI = .99, TLI =.98. Most participants were master's students (69.38%). Overall, students reported a medium WSC level (M = 2.68, SD = 2.61), with remarkable aspects in strain-based conflict. Therefore, enhancing self-regulation skills and providing faculty support systems could help mitigate WSC for working students.

Authors:
Siripreeya Chaiboonma, Chulalongkorn University, Thailand
Kanit Sriklaub, Chulalongkorn University, Thailand
Siwachoat Srisuttiyakorn, Chulalongkorn University, Thailand

About the Presenter(s)
Ms siripreeya chaiboonma is a University Doctoral Student at Chulalongkorn University in Thailand

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